{
  "better_direction": null,
  "coverage": {
    "end": "2025-06-30",
    "start": "1995-07-01"
  },
  "description": "Core Crown expenses, tax revenue and net core Crown debt divided by New Zealand's estimated resident population at 30 June, the end of each government financial year. Dollars are not adjusted for inflation.",
  "id": "government-finances-per-person",
  "issues": [
    {
      "acknowledged": "Follows Treasury's net core Crown debt, which rose from $10,258m (2007/08) to $17,119m (2008/09); the per-person change matches.",
      "code": "jump",
      "dataset": "government-finances-per-person",
      "level": "info",
      "message": "65.2% change from 2007/08 to 2008/09 exceeds ±60%",
      "period": "2009-06-30",
      "series": "core-crown-net-debt.per-person"
    }
  ],
  "kind": "level",
  "limitations": [
    "Starts in 1995/96, the first year of the population series used.",
    "Not adjusted for inflation; see the inflation-adjusted government finances for real terms.",
    "Expenses and revenue are for the whole year; the population is at year end (30 June), which slightly understates per-person amounts in fast-growing years.",
    "Accounting basis breaks in the Treasury series carry through (shown as breaks)."
  ],
  "provenance": {
    "adapter": "derive:ratio",
    "formula": "Per person ($) = Treasury figure ($ million) × 1,000,000 ÷ estimated resident population at 30 June of the same financial year",
    "inputs": [
      {
        "content_hash": "b370468849b560f610e3b3661752f4a4dc61ff1741d62246b4e603d0ccd02af0",
        "dataset": "core-crown-expenses",
        "series": "core-crown-expenses.nzd-m",
        "source": "The Treasury (New Zealand) \u2014 Fiscal Time Series – Historical Fiscal Indicators"
      },
      {
        "content_hash": "f46bb14bb0d00f405d3e636d6b8f7d09a3833e9863488f3864b2376f7a631382",
        "dataset": "population",
        "series": "population.3.999999.RC9999",
        "source": "Stats NZ Tatauranga Aotearoa \u2014 Population estimates: New Zealand estimated resident population at 30 June"
      },
      {
        "content_hash": "89c761693e9cfaa9e97c530b8c8616802fb5dffb25f003910c65c720b1a41f90",
        "dataset": "core-crown-tax-revenue",
        "series": "core-crown-tax-revenue.nzd-m",
        "source": "The Treasury (New Zealand) \u2014 Fiscal Time Series – Historical Fiscal Indicators"
      },
      {
        "content_hash": "73fbdec799345fc0e765c9958aee39215d21b385cb1b3bf899bf5d222ddeb93b",
        "dataset": "net-core-crown-debt",
        "series": "core-crown-net-debt.nzd-m",
        "source": "The Treasury (New Zealand) \u2014 Fiscal Time Series – Historical Fiscal Indicators"
      }
    ],
    "origin": "calculated",
    "retrieved_at": "2026-10-11T00:14:26.062Z",
    "sha256": "a88edc730fc280641f1742eb902179d8f438d5392dfc6e8d63b231f9bda604f5",
    "snapshot": ""
  },
  "related": [
    "core-crown-expenses",
    "net-core-crown-debt",
    "population",
    "government-finances-real"
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    {
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        {
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          "start": "1995-07-01",
          "value": 8168.00643087
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        {
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          "label": "1996/97",
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          "value": 8295.54978605
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        {
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          "label": "1997/98",
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          "start": "1997-07-01",
          "value": 8645.33351727
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        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
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          "label": "1998/99",
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          "value": 8849.46192501
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        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "2000-06-30",
          "label": "1999/00",
          "period": "2000-06-30",
          "start": "1999-07-01",
          "value": 9028.31384395
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        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "2001-06-30",
          "label": "2000/01",
          "period": "2001-06-30",
          "start": "2000-07-01",
          "value": 9421.09235207
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        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "2002-06-30",
          "label": "2001/02",
          "period": "2002-06-30",
          "start": "2001-07-01",
          "value": 9500.49430022
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        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "2003-06-30",
          "label": "2002/03",
          "period": "2003-06-30",
          "start": "2002-07-01",
          "value": 9907.00305592
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        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
          "end": "2004-06-30",
          "label": "2003/04",
          "period": "2004-06-30",
          "start": "2003-07-01",
          "value": 10246.4033533
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        {
          "basis": "pbe",
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          "label": "2004/05",
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        {
          "basis": "pbe",
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        {
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          "label": "2006/07",
          "period": "2007-06-30",
          "start": "2006-07-01",
          "value": 12728.8223874
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        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2008-06-30",
          "label": "2007/08",
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          "value": 13322.925959
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        {
          "basis": "pbe",
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          "label": "2008/09",
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          "start": "2008-07-01",
          "value": 14807.5582206
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        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2010-06-30",
          "label": "2009/10",
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          "start": "2009-07-01",
          "value": 14607.7642678
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        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2011-06-30",
          "label": "2010/11",
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        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2014-06-30",
          "label": "2013/14",
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          "start": "2013-07-01",
          "value": 15758.6626813
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        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2015-06-30",
          "label": "2014/15",
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          "value": 15699.0063783
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          "value": 15682.5268874
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          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2017-06-30",
          "label": "2016/17",
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          "value": 15859.0244308
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          "basis": "pbe",
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          "value": 21455.7211576
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          "label": "2020/21",
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          "value": 21194.1942336
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          "label": "2021/22",
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        {
          "basis": "pbe",
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          "label": "2022/23",
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          "value": 24533.4615385
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        {
          "basis": "pbe",
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          "label": "2023/24",
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          "value": 26275.6143667
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        {
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      "period_convention": "Fiscal years. Year ended 31 March to 1989, year ended 30 June from 1990 (the April–June 1989 quarter falls between the two).",
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          "basis": "ifrs",
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        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
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          "basis": "ifrs",
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          "label": "1998/99",
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          "basis": "ifrs",
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        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
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          "label": "2000/01",
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        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
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          "label": "2001/02",
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        {
          "basis": "ifrs",
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        {
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        {
          "basis": "pbe",
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        {
          "basis": "pbe",
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          "basis": "pbe",
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        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2020-06-30",
          "label": "2019/20",
          "period": "2020-06-30",
          "start": "2019-07-01",
          "value": 16436.9923508
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2021-06-30",
          "label": "2020/21",
          "period": "2021-06-30",
          "start": "2020-07-01",
          "value": 20076.3088542
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2022-06-30",
          "label": "2021/22",
          "period": "2022-06-30",
          "start": "2021-07-01",
          "value": 25360.2141016
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2023-06-30",
          "label": "2022/23",
          "period": "2023-06-30",
          "start": "2022-07-01",
          "value": 29860.1923077
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2024-06-30",
          "label": "2023/24",
          "period": "2024-06-30",
          "start": "2023-07-01",
          "value": 33168.9981096
        },
        {
          "basis": "pbe",
          "end": "2025-06-30",
          "label": "2024/25",
          "period": "2025-06-30",
          "start": "2024-07-01",
          "value": 34212.4438936
        }
      ],
      "period_convention": "Fiscal years. Year ended 31 March to 1989, year ended 30 June from 1990 (the April–June 1989 quarter falls between the two).",
      "source_label": "Core Crown Net Debt",
      "title": "Net core Crown debt per person",
      "unit": "nzd"
    }
  ],
  "source": {
    "id": "derived",
    "landing_url": "https://nzinnumbers.co.nz/methodology",
    "licence": {
      "attribution": "Calculated by NZ in Numbers from the source datasets listed; please also credit those sources.",
      "checked_on": "2026-10-10",
      "evidence": "Our own calculations, released under CC BY 4.0. Input data keep their own licences (see inputs).",
      "name": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)",
      "reuse": "open-licence",
      "status": "confirmed",
      "url": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"
    },
    "name": "NZ in Numbers calculation",
    "organisation": "NZ in Numbers"
  },
  "title": "Government spending, tax and debt per person",
  "topic": "government-finances"
}